الرد على:- خطأ تاريخي في القرآن (4) - قصة حادثة الفيل

[فداء الرسول]

ذكر مؤرخ ألماني نلدكه المولود في عام 1836 قصة ابرهة او ابراهيم اليمين وحربه على الكعبة بالفيل
CHRISTIANITY IN ARABIA
Christian who escaped from Najran and made his way to Constantinople to lay complaint before the Emperor. To punish the author of this enormity lay in line with the policy of the Empire, and the Abyssinians also were not inclined to allow their influence in South Arabia to be thus overthrown. As a result the Imperial Government encouraged the King of Abyssinia to undertake an expedition against Dhu Nuwas and promised him support. Allowing for the time necessary to make arrangements this expedition would not take place until A.D. 525, the traditional date assigned to it. Dhu Nuwas was completely overthrown and put to death or, according to another less reliable account, threw himself into the sea and perished. Abyssinian overlordship in South Arabia was again established.
For some years thereafter the situation is obscure. Then emerges an Abyssinian ruler of Yaman named Abraha (or Abraham), who held power for upwards of forty years, and whose expedition against Mecca has become famous through the reference to it in the Qur'an.[*] The story of this expedition is recounted at length by the Arab historians. It is also thought by Nldeke 1 to be referred to by Procopius in the statement that "Abramus, when at length he had established his power most securely, promised the Emperor Justinian many times to invade the land of Persia, but only once began the journey and then straightway turned back". The object of the expedition thus falls into the network of international politics. The Romans were seeking
ascribed to the inhabitants of Mecca, who we are told had deserted the city and taken to the hilltops, rolling down stones upon the enemy, or to an outbreak of some pestilence —smallpox is mentioned in one account—we cannot determine. But some such disaster certainly happened. The date was A.D. 570 or 571,1 for by unanimous tradition Muhammad is said to have been born in "the year of the elephant", i.e. the year of Abraha's expedition. Abraha himself escaped from the disaster to his army, but did not long survive. Close upon his death appears to have followed the fall of the Abyssinian rule in Yaman.2 Persia lent its aid to the native leaders against the hated blacks,3 and with their disappearance disappeared also the dominant influence of Christianity in the south-west of Arabia. The Church of Najran must, however, have maintained itself, for we find that a deputation of Christians from that town appeared in Medina to negotiate terms with Muhammad in the last years of his life.
To sum up, then, Arabia was ringed about with Christian influences. In the south of the peninsula itself Christianity had found a settled footing. Some knowledge of it must have penetrated into the recesses of the peninsula, for Arabia
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1 Geschichte der Perser u. Araber, p. 205. Ref. to Procopius i. 20
2 Nldeke, l.c., thinks this is much too late, and apparently discards the tradition that Muhammad was born in the year of Abraha's expedition.
3 Fell (Z.D.M.G. 35, p. 46 f.) argues that after a temporary overthrow (c. A.D. 575) it revived again, and continued till near the end of the century. This may be so, but the evidence does not seem to be conclusive. In Nldeke's view the date 575 is too late, for the conquest of Yaman was one of the Roman grievances against the Persians which led to the outbreak of war in A.D. 572 (l.c. p. 224).
4 See the romantic story told by Tabari (Nldeke, Geschichte der Perser u. Araber, p. 220 ff.).

http://www.muhammadanism.org/bell/origin/p040.htm

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