The synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids from small molecule precursors represents one of the most difficult challenges to the model of prebiological evolution. There are many different problems confronted by any proposal. Polymerization is a reaction in which water is a product. Thus it will only be favored in the absence of water. The presence of precursors in an ocean of water favors depolymerization of any molecules that might be formed. Careful experiments done in an aqueous solution with very high concentrations of amino acids demonstrate the impossibility of significant polymerization in this environment. A thermodynamic analysis of a mixture of protein and amino acids in an ocean containing a 1 molar solution of each amino acid (100,000,000 times higher concentration than we inferred to be present in the prebiological ocean) indicates the concentration of a protein containing just 100 peptide bonds (101 amino acids) at equilibrium would be 10-338 molar. Just to make this number meaningful, our universe may have a volume somewhere in the neighborhood of 1085
liters. At 10-338 molar, we would need an ocean with a volume equal to 10229 universes (100, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000) just to find a single molecule of any protein with 100 peptide bonds. So we must look elsewhere for a mechanism to produce polymers. It will not happen in the ocean.
هذه فقط احتماليه ظهور جزىء بروتين واحد!! وفى النهايه نقولون لك هنيئا يا ملحد!!
حتى فكره الشوربه الالحاديه !! التى تعتقدون انها ظهرت منها أول خليه لايمكن ان تنتج جزىء بروتين واحد!!!
لايمكن ظهور جزىء بروتين حتى مع امتلاء المحيط بالمواد العضويه..وعجبى!
وهذه بعض الكتب للرجوع لها:
A Theory in Crisis 1-Abiogenic Origin of Life:
2005 Arthur V. Chadwick, Ph.D.
Professor of Geology and Biology
Southwestern Adventist College
Keene, TX 76059 U.S.A
2-Evolution: A Theory in Crisis
michael denton