4-المرأة في تعاليم محمد ويسوع
Women in the teachings of Mohammed and Jesus
1-لماذا خلقت المرأة Why do women have created
قال تعالى
" وما خلقت الجن والأنس الا ليعبدون " 56 الذاريات
And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me. (56)
رسالة بولس الرسول إلى أهل كورنثوس الأصحاح الحادي عشر
7 فإن الرجل لا ينبغي أن يغطي رأسه لكونه صورة الله ومجده. وأما المرأة فهي مجد الرجل
8 لأن الرجل ليس من المرأة، بل المرأة من الرجل
9 ولأن الرجل لم يخلق من أجل المرأة، بل المرأة من أجل الرجل
For a man indeed ought not to cover his head, forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God: but the woman is the glory of the man.
For the man is not of the woman: but the woman of the man.
Neither was the man created for the woman; but the woman for the man.
2- المرأة والخطيئة Women and sin
وَيَا آدَمُ اسْكُنْ أَنتَ وَزَوْجُكَ الْجَنَّةَ فَكُلَا مِنْ حَيْثُ شِئْتُمَا وَلَا تَقْرَبَا هَـذِهِ الشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ فَوَسْوَسَ لَهُمَا الشَّيْطَانُ لِيُبْدِيَ لَهُمَا مَا وُورِيَ عَنْهُمَا مِن سَوْآتِهِمَا وَقَالَ مَا نَهَاكُمَا رَبُّكُمَا عَنْ هَـذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ إِلَّا أَن تَكُونَا مَلَكَيْنِ أَوْ تَكُونَا مِنَ الْخَالِدِينَ
(18) And "O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat from wherever you will but do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers." (19) But Satan whispered to them to make apparent to them that which was concealed from them of their private parts. He said, "Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you become angels or become of the immortal."
تكوين{3: 1-7} " وكانتِ الحيَّة أَحيَلَ جميعِ حيواناتِ البَرَّيِةِ التي عَملها الربُّ الإلهُ ، فقالت للمرأةِ : " أحقاً قال اللهُ لا تأكلا من كُل شجرِ الجنَِّةِِ ؟ . " فقالت المرأةُ للحيةِ " من ثمر شجر الجنةِ نأكُل . وأما الشجرةُ التي في وسط الجنةِ فقال اللهُ : لا تأكلا منهُ ولا تمساهُ لئلا تموتا " . فقالت الحيةُ للمرأةِ : " لن تموتا ! . بل اللهُ عالمٌ أنهُ يوم تأكلانِ منهُ تنفتح أعيُنكما وتكونان كألله عارفين الخير والشر . فرأت المرأةُ أنَّ الشجرةَجيدةٌ للأكل ، وأنها بهجةٌ للعيون ، وان الشجرةَ شهيةٌ للنظر . فأخذت من ثمرهاوأكلت ، وأعطت رجُلَها أيضاً معها فأكل. فانفتحتْ أعيُنهما وعلما أنهما عُريانانِ فخاطا أوراقَ تينٍ وصنعا لأنفسهما مآزر "
Now the serpent was more subtil than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat of every tree of the garden?
And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:
But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:
For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil.
And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.
And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together, and made themselves aprons.
في رسالة بولص1 إلى ثيموثاوس{2: 11-15} " لتتعلم المرأه بسكوتٍ في كُلِّ خضوع . ولكن لستُ آذنُ للمرأةِ أن تُعلِم ولا تتسلط على الرجُل ، بل تكون في سكوت . لأن آدم جُبل أولاً ثُم حواء . وآدم لم يغو ،لكن المرأه أُغويت فحصلت في التعدي. ولكنها ستخلص بولادة الأولاد "
Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.
But I suffer not a woman to teach, nor to usurp authority over the man, but to be in silence.
For Adam was first formed, then Eve.
And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression.
Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety.
3- حقوق المرأة Women's rights
لا فرق بين الرجل والمراة في الاسلام
Islam does not differentiate between men and women
وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ أَزْوَاجِنَا وَذُرِّيَّاتِنَا قُرَّةَ أَعْيُنٍ وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا
And those who say, "Our Lord, grant us from among our wives and offspring comfort to our eyes and make us an example for the righteous."
بل نهى الاسلام عن قتل المولود البنت لانها عادة تخلف وجهل
Islam forbids the killing of girl
وَإِذَا الْمَوْءُودَةُ سُئِلَتْ بِأَيِّ ذَنبٍ قُتِلَتْ
And when the girl [who was] buried alive is asked (8) For what sin she was killed (9)
وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِالْأُنثَى ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ يَتَوَارَى مِنَ الْقَوْمِ مِن سُوءِ مَا بُشِّرَ بِهِ أَيُمْسِكُهُ عَلَى هُونٍ أَمْ يَدُسُّهُ فِي التُّرَابِ أَلَا سَاءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ
And when one of them is informed of [the birth of] a female, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief. (58) He hides himself from the people because of the ill of which he has been informed. Should he keep it in humiliation or bury it in the ground? Unquestionably, evil is what they decide. (59)
في سفر سيراخ ولادة البنت خسارة
In the book of Ecclesiasticus birth of daughter loss
"The birth of a daughter is a loss" (Ecclesiasticus 22:3).
"A man who educates his son will be the envy of his enemy." (Ecclesiasticus 30:3)
"Your daughter is headstrong? Keep a sharp look-out that she does not make you the laughing stock of your enemies, the talk of the town, the object of common gossip, and put you to public shame" (Ecclesiasticus 42:11).
"Keep a headstrong daughter under firm control, or she will abuse any indulgence she receives. Keep a strict watch on her shameless eye, do not be surprised if she disgraces you" (Ecclesiasticus 26:10-11).
حقوق المراة : التعليم Women's rights: education
Narrated Abu Burda's father:
Allah's Apostle said, any man who has a slave girl whom he educates properly, teaches good manners, manumits and marries her,
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ وَلِيدَةٌ فَعَلَّمَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَعْلِيمَهَا، وَأَدَّبَهَا فَأَحْسَنَ تَأْدِيبَهَا، ثُمَّ أَعْتَقَهَا وَتَزَوَّجَهَا فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ
14: 34 لتصمت نساؤكم في الكنائس لانه ليس ماذونا لهن ان يتكلمن بل يخضعن كما يقول الناموس ايضا
"As in all the congregations of the saints, women should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak, but must be in submission as the law says. If they want to inquire about something, they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church." (I Corinthians 14:34-35)
4-قذف المحصنات Extrusion chaste
( وَاللَّاتِي يَأْتِينَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِسَائِكُمْ فَاسْتَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْكُمْ) النساء/15،
Those who commit unlawful sexual intercourse of your women - bring against them four [witnesses] from among you. And if they testify, confine the guilty women to houses until death takes them or Allah ordains for them [another] way. (15)
( وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَأْتُوا بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ فَاجْلِدُوهُمْ ثَمَانِينَ جَلْدَةً وَلَا تَقْبَلُوا لَهُمْ شَهَادَةً أَبَدًا وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ ) النور/4
And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient, (4)
( لَوْلَا جَاءُوا عَلَيْهِ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ فَإِذْ لَمْ يَأْتُوا بِالشُّهَدَاءِ فَأُولَئِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ هُمُ الْكَاذِبُونَ ) النور/13 .
Why did they [who slandered] not produce for it four witnesses? And when they do not produce the witnesses, then it is they, in the sight of Allah, who are the liars. (13)
عدد5
11 وكلم الرب موسى قائلا
12 كلم بني اسرائيل وقل لهم اذا زاغت امرأة رجل وخانته خيانة
13 واضطجع معها رجل اضطجاع زرع وأخفي ذلك عن عيني رجلها واستترت وهي نجسة وليس شاهد عليها وهي لم تؤخذ.
14 فاعتراه روح الغيرة وغار على امرأته وهي نجسة او اعتراه روح الغيرة وغار على امرأته وهي ليست نجسة
15 ياتي الرجل بامرأته الى الكاهن وياتي بقربانها معها عشر الإيفة من طحين شعير لا يصبّ عليه زيتا ولا يجعل عليه لبانا لانه تقدمة غيرة تقدمة تذكار تذكّر ذنبا.
16 فيقدّمها الكاهن ويوقفها امام الرب
17 ويأخذ الكاهن ماء مقدسا في اناء خزف ويأخذ الكاهن من الغبار الذي في ارض المسكن ويجعل في الماء
18 ويوقف الكاهن المرأة امام الرب ويكشف راس المرأة ويجعل في يديها تقدمة التذكار التي هي تقدمة الغيرة وفي يد الكاهن يكون ماء اللعنة المرّ.
19 ويستحلف الكاهن المرأة ويقول لها ان كان لم يضطجع معك رجل وان كنت لم تزيغي الى نجاسة من تحت رجلك فكوني بريئة من ماء اللعنة هذا المرّ.
20 ولكن ان كنت قد زغت من تحت رجلك وتنجست وجعل معك رجل غير رجلك مضجعه.
21 يستحلف الكاهن المرأة بحلف اللعنة ويقول الكاهن للمرأة يجعلك الرب لعنة وحلفا بين شعبك بان يجعل الرب فخذك ساقطة وبطنك وارما.
22 ويدخل ماء اللعنة هذا في احشائك لورم البطن ولاسقاط الفخذ.فتقول المرأة آمين آمين.
23 ويكتب الكاهن هذه اللعنات في الكتاب ثم يمحوها في الماء المرّ
24 ويسقي المرأة ماء اللعنة المرّ فيدخل فيها ماء اللعنة للمرارة.
25 ويأخذ الكاهن من يد المرأة تقدمة الغيرة ويردد التقدمة امام الرب ويقدمها الى المذبح.
26 ويقبض الكاهن من التقدمة تذكارها ويوقده على المذبح وبعد ذلك يسقي المرأة الماء.
27 ومتى سقاها الماء فان كانت قد تنجست وخانت رجلها يدخل فيها ماء اللعنة للمرارة فيرم بطنها وتسقط فخذها فتصير المرأة لعنة في وسط شعبها.
28 وان لم تكن المرأة قد تنجست بل كانت طاهرة تتبرأ وتحبل بزرع
29 هذه شريعة الغيرة.اذا زاغت امرأة من تحت رجلها وتنجست
30 او اذا اعترى رجلا روح غيرة فغار على امرأته يوقف المرأة امام الرب ويعمل لها الكاهن كل هذه الشريعة
31 فيتبرّأ الرجل من الذنب وتلك المرأة تحمل ذنبها
And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, If any man's wife go aside, and commit a trespass against him,
And a man lie with her carnally, and it be hid from the eyes of her husband, and be kept close, and she be defiled, and there be no witness against her, neither she be taken with the manner
And the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be defiled: or if the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he be jealous of his wife, and she be not defiled:
Then shall the man bring his wife unto the priest, and he shall bring her offering for her, the tenth part of an ephah of barley meal; he shall pour no oil upon it, nor put frankincense thereon; for it is an offering of jealousy, an offering of memorial, bringing iniquity to remembrance.
And the priest shall bring her near, and set her before the LORD:
And the priest shall take holy water in an earthen vessel; and of the dust that is in the floor of the tabernacle the priest shall take, and put it into the water:
And the priest shall set the woman before the LORD, and uncover the woman's head, and put the offering of memorial in her hands, which is the jealousy offering: and the priest shall have in his hand the bitter water that causeth the curse:
And the priest shall charge her by an oath, and say unto the woman, If no man have lain with thee, and if thou hast not gone aside to uncleanness with another instead of thy husband, be thou free from this bitter water that causeth the curse:
But if thou hast gone aside to another instead of thy husband, and if thou be defiled, and some man have lain with thee beside thine husband:
Then the priest shall charge the woman with an oath of cursing, and the priest shall say unto the woman, The LORD make thee a curse and an oath among thy people, when the LORD doth make thy thigh to rot, and thy belly to swell;
And this water that causeth the curse shall go into thy bowels, to make thy belly to swell, and thy thigh to rot: And the woman shall say, Amen, amen.
And the priest shall write these curses in a book, and he shall blot them out with the bitter water:
And he shall cause the woman to drink the bitter water that causeth the curse: and the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her, and become bitter.
Then the priest shall take the jealousy offering out of the woman's hand, and shall wave the offering before the LORD, and offer it upon the altar:
And the priest shall take an handful of the offering, even the memorial thereof, and burn it upon the altar, and afterward shall cause the woman to drink the water.
And when he hath made her to drink the water, then it shall come to pass, that, if she be defiled, and have done trespass against her husband, that the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her, and become bitter, and her belly shall swell, and her thigh shall rot: and the woman shall be a curse among her people.
And if the woman be not defiled, but be clean; then she shall be free, and shall conceive seed.
This is the law of jealousies, when a wife goeth aside to another instead of her husband, and is defiled;
Or when the spirit of jealousy cometh upon him, and he be jealous over his wife, and shall set the woman before the LORD, and the priest shall execute upon her all this law.
Then shall the man be guiltless from iniquity, and this woman shall bear her iniquity.
5- الميراث Inheritance
يُوصِيكُمُ اللَّـهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنثَيَيْنِ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَاءً فَوْقَ اثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَاحِدَةً فَلَهَا النِّصْفُ وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِّنْهُمَا السُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُ وَلَدٌ وَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ الثُّلُثُ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُ إِخْوَةٌ فَلِأُمِّهِ السُّدُسُ مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصِي بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَاؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًا فَرِيضَةً مِّنَ اللَّـهِ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا النساء
Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females. But if there are [only] daughters, two or more, for them is two thirds of one's estate. And if there is only one, for her is half. And for one's parents, to each one of them is a sixth of his estate if he left children. But if he had no children and the parents [alone] inherit from him, then for his mother is one third. And if he had brothers [or sisters], for his mother is a sixth, after any bequest he [may have] made or debt. Your parents or your children - you know not which of them are nearest to you in benefit. [These shares are] an obligation [imposed] by Allah. Indeed, Allah is ever Knowing and Wise. (11)
التثنية [25 : 5] «إِذَا سَكَنَ إِخْوَةٌ مَعاً وَمَاتَ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَليْسَ لهُ ابْنٌ فَلا تَصِرِ امْرَأَةُ المَيِّتِ إِلى خَارِجٍ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْنَبِيٍّ. أَخُو زَوْجِهَا يَدْخُلُ عَليْهَا وَيَتَّخِذُهَا لِنَفْسِهِ زَوْجَةً وَيَقُومُ لهَا بِوَاجِبِ أَخِي الزَّوْجِ.
If brethren dwell together, and one of them die, and have no child, the wife of the dead shall not marry without unto a stranger: her husband's brother shall go in unto her, and take her to him to wife, and perform the duty of an husband's brother unto her.
متى [22 : 24] «يَا مُعَلِّمُ قَالَ مُوسَى: إِنْ مَاتَ أَحَدٌ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ أَوْلاَدٌ يَتَزَوَّجْ أَخُوهُ بِامْرَأَتِهِ وَيُقِمْ نَسْلاً لأَخِيهِ.[25] فَكَانَ عِنْدَنَا سَبْعَةُ إِخْوَةٍ وَتَزَوَّجَ الأَوَّلُ وَمَاتَ. وَإِذْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ نَسْلٌ تَرَكَ امْرَأَتَهُ لأَخِيهِ. [26] وَكَذَلِكَ الثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثُ إِلَى السَّبْعَةِ. [27] وَآخِرَ الْكُلِّ مَاتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَيْضاً. [28] فَفِي الْقِيَامَةِ لِمَنْ مِنَ السَّبْعَةِ تَكُونُ زَوْجَةً؟ فَإِنَّهَا كَانَتْ لِلْجَمِيعِ!»
Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.
Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:
Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.
And last of all the woman died also.
Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.
سفر العدد [27 : 1] فَتَقَدَّمَتْ بَنَاتُ صَلُفْحَادَ بْنِ حَافَرَ بْنِ جِلعَادَ بْنِ مَاكِيرَ بْنِ مَنَسَّى مِنْ عَشَائِرِ مَنَسَّى بْنِ يُوسُفَ. وَهَذِهِ أَسْمَاءُ بَنَاتِهِ: مَحْلةُ وَنُوعَةُ وَحُجْلةُ وَمِلكَةُ وَتِرْصَةُ. [2] وَوَقَفْنَ أَمَامَ مُوسَى وَأَلِعَازَارَ الكَاهِنِ وَأَمَامَ الرُّؤَسَاءِ وَكُلِّ الجَمَاعَةِ لدَى بَابِ خَيْمَةِ الاِجْتِمَاعِ قَائِلاتٍ: [3] أَبُونَا مَاتَ فِي البَرِّيَّةِ وَلمْ يَكُنْ فِي القَوْمِ الذِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلى الرَّبِّ فِي جَمَاعَةِ قُورَحَ بَل بِخَطِيَّتِهِ مَاتَ وَلمْ يَكُنْ لهُ بَنُونَ. [4] لِمَاذَا يُحْذَفُ اسْمُ أَبِينَا مِنْ بَيْنِ عَشِيرَتِهِ لأَنَّهُ ليْسَ لهُ ابْنٌ؟ أَعْطِنَا مُلكاً بَيْنَ أَعْمَامِنَا». [5] فَقَدَّمَ مُوسَى دَعْوَاهُنَّ أَمَامَ الرَّبِّ. [6] فَقَال الرَّبُّ لِمُوسَى: [7] «بِحَقٍّ تَكَلمَتْ بَنَاتُ صَلُفْحَادَ فَتُعْطِيهِنَّ مُلكَ نَصِيبٍ بَيْنَ أَعْمَامِهِنَّ وَتَنْقُلُ نَصِيبَ أَبِيهِنَّ إِليْهِنَّ. [8] وَتَقُول لِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيل: أَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَليْسَ لهُ ابْنٌ تَنْقُلُونَ مُلكَهُ إِلى ابْنَتِهِ. [9] وَإِنْ لمْ تَكُنْ لهُ ابْنَةٌ تُعْطُوا مُلكَهُ لِإِخْوَتِهِ. [10] وَإِنْ لمْ يَكُنْ لهُ إِخْوَةٌ تُعْطُوا مُلكَهُ لأَعْمَامِهِ.
Then came the daughters of Zelophehad, the son of Hepher, the son of Gilead, the son of Machir, the son of Manasseh, of the families of Manasseh the son of Joseph: and these are the names of his daughters; Mahlah, Noah, and Hoglah, and Milcah, and Tirzah.
And they stood before Moses, and before Eleazar the priest, and before the princes and all the congregation, by the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, saying,
Our father died in the wilderness, and he was not in the company of them that gathered themselves together against the LORD in the company of Korah; but died in his own sin, and had no sons.
Why should the name of our father be done away from among his family, because he hath no son? Give unto us therefore a possession among the brethren of our father.
And Moses brought their cause before the LORD.
And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,
The daughters of Zelophehad speak right: thou shalt surely give them a possession of an inheritance among their father's brethren; and thou shalt cause the inheritance of their father to pass unto them.
And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a man die, and have no son, then ye shall cause his inheritance to pass unto his daughter
And if he have no daughter, then ye shall give his inheritance unto his brethren.
And if he have no brethren, then ye shall give his inheritance unto his father's brethren.
سفر العدد [36 : 8] وَكُلُّ بِنْتٍ وَرَثَتْ نَصِيباً مِنْ أَسْبَاطِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيل تَكُونُ امْرَأَةً لِوَاحِدٍ مِنْ عَشِيرَةِ سِبْطِ أَبِيهَا لِيَرِثَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيل كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ نَصِيبَ آبَائِهِ [9] فَلا يَتَحَوَّل نَصِيبٌ مِنْ سِبْطٍ إِلى سِبْطٍ آخَرَ بَل يُلازِمُ أَسْبَاطُ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيل كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ نَصِيبَهُ». [10] كَمَا أَمَرَ الرَّبُّ مُوسَى كَذَلِكَ فَعَلتْ بَنَاتُ صَلُفْحَادَ.
And every daughter, that possesseth an inheritance in any tribe of the children of Israel, shall be wife unto one of the family of the tribe of her father, that the children of Israel may enjoy every man the inheritance of his fathers.
Neither shall the inheritance remove from one tribe to another tribe; but every one of the tribes of the children of Israel shall keep himself to his own inheritance.
Even as the LORD commanded Moses, so did the daughters of Zelophehad:
6-Mother's rights
تكريم الام خاصة والوالدين عامة بسبب جهد الحمل والتربية فيما بعد
Honor and respect for the mother in Islam
وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ لقمان
And We have enjoined upon man [care] for his parents. His mother carried him, [increasing her] in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the [final] destination. (14)
في سفر التكوين إصحاح 3 عدد16
وَقَالَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ: «تَكْثِيرًا أُكَثِّرُ أَتْعَابَ حَبَلِكِ، بِالْوَجَعِ تَلِدِينَ أَوْلاَدًا. وَإِلَى رَجُلِكِ يَكُونُ اشْتِيَاقُكِ وَهُوَ يَسُودُ عَلَيْكِ».
Unto the woman he said, I will greatly multiply thy sorrow and thy conception; in sorrow thou shalt bring forth children; and thy desire shall be to thy husband, and he shall rule over thee.
وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا الاسراء
جاء رجل إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال: يا رسول الله من أحق الناس بحسن صحابتي؟ قال: " أمك" قال: ثم من؟ قال: " أمك" قال: ثم من؟ قال: "أمك" قال: ثم من؟ قال: " أبوك" ((متفق عليه)). وفي رواية: يارسول الله من أحق بحسن الصحبة؟ قال: " أمك، ثم أمك، ثم أمك، ثم أباك، ثم أدناك أدناك". .
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: A person came to Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and asked, "Who among people is most deserving of my fine treatment?" He (PBUH) said, "Your mother". He again asked, ''Who next?" "Your mother", the Prophet (PBUH) replied again. He asked, "Who next?" He (the Prophet (PBUH)) said again, "Your mother." He again asked, "Then who?" Thereupon he (PBUH) said," Then your father."
In another narration: "O Messenger of Allah! Who is most deserving of my fine treatment?" He (PBUH) said, "Your mother, then your mother, then your mother, then your father, then your nearest, then nearest".
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
يسوع يقول لأمه ما لي ولكِ يا امرأة!
يوحنا [2 : 3] وَلَمَّا فَرَغَتِ الْخَمْرُ قَالَتْ أُمُّ يَسُوعَ لَهُ: «لَيْسَ لَهُمْ خَمْرٌ». [4] قَالَ لَهَا يَسُوعُ: «مَا لِي وَلَكِ يَا امْرَأَةُ! لَمْ تَأْتِ سَاعَتِي بَعْدُ».
nd when they wanted wine, the mother of Jesus saith unto him, They have no wine.
Jesus saith unto her, Woman, what have I to do with thee? mine hour is not yet come.
صموئيل الأول [20 : 30] فَحَمِيَ غَضَبُ شَاوُلَ عَلَى يُونَاثَانَ وَقَالَ لَهُ: «يَا ابْنَ الْمُتَعَوِّجَةِ الْمُتَمَرِّدَةِ, أَمَا عَلِمْتُ أَنَّكَ قَدِ اخْتَرْتَ ابْنَ يَسَّى لِخِزْيِكَ وَخِزْيِ عَوْرَةِ أُمِّكَ؟
Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?
هوشع [4 : 5] فَتَتَعَثَّرُ فِي النَّهَارِ وَيَتَعَثَّرُ أَيْضاً النَّبِيُّ مَعَكَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَأَنَا أَخْرِبُ أُمَّكَ.
Therefore shalt thou fall in the day, and the prophet also shall fall with thee in the night, and I will destroy thy mother.
7- حجاب المرأة Women's Veil
1 Corinthians 11:3-12
3Now I want you to realize that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is man, and the head of Christ is God. (This shows a hierarchy of authority, funny notice how Christ is under god. But more importantly notice how the woman is under the man) 4Every man who prays or prophesies with his head covered dishonors his head. 5And every woman who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head—it is just as though her head were shaved. 6If a woman does not cover her head, she should have her hair cut off; and if it is a disgrace for a woman to have her hair cut or shaved off, she should cover her head. 7A man ought not to cover his head,[a] since he is the image and glory of God; but the woman is the glory of man. 8For man did not come from woman, but woman from man; (this shows that man is glory of God so they don’t have to cover their heads, but not women. They are the glory of men, therefore they have to cover their heads) 9neither was man created for woman, but woman for man. 10For this reason, and because of the angels (some bible commentaries talk but about an incident in which the angels fell in love with the women and came down to earth and took them as wives. Therefore women should cover their heads in order not to tempt the angels to come down and take them as wives this is supported by
3 ولكن أريد أن تعلموا أن رأس كل رجل هو المسيح، وأما رأس المرأة فهو الرجل، ورأس المسيح هو الله
4 كل رجل يصلي أو يتنبأ وله على رأسه شيء، يشين رأسه
5 وأما كل امرأة تصلي أو تتنبأ ورأسها غير مغطى، فتشين رأسها، لأنها والمحلوقة شيء واحد بعينه
6 إذ المرأة، إن كانت لا تتغطى، فليقص شعرها. وإن كان قبيحا بالمرأة أن تقص أو تحلق، فلتتغط
7 فإن الرجل لا ينبغي أن يغطي رأسه لكونه صورة الله ومجده. وأما المرأة فهي مجد الرجل
8 لأن الرجل ليس من المرأة، بل المرأة من الرجل
9 ولأن الرجل لم يخلق من أجل المرأة، بل المرأة من أجل الرجل
10 لهذا ينبغي للمرأة أن يكون لها سلطان على رأسها، من أجل الملائكة
11 غير أن الرجل ليس من دون المرأة، ولا المرأة من دون الرجل في الرب
Surah 33:59
O Ye who believe! Enter not the dwellings of the Prophet for a meal without waiting for the proper time, unless permission be granted you. But if ye are invited, enter, and, when your meal is ended, then disperse. Linger not for conversation. Lo! that would cause annoyance to the Prophet, and he would be shy of (asking) you (to go); but Allah is not shy of the truth. And when ye ask of them (the wives of the Prophet) anything, ask it of them from behind a curtain. That is purer for your hearts and for their hearts. And it is not for you to cause annoyance to the messenger of Allah, nor that ye should ever marry his wives after him. Lo! that in Allah's sight would be an enormity.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُل لِّأَزْوَاجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَاءِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِن جَلَابِيبِهِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَن يُعْرَفْنَ فَلَا يُؤْذَيْنَ وَكَانَ اللَّـهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا
Surah 33:53
Prophet! Tell thy wives and thy daughters and the women of the believers to draw their cloaks close round them (when they go abroad). That will be better, so that they may be recognised and not annoyed. Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful.
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَن يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَـكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانتَشِرُوا وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ فَيَسْتَحْيِي مِنكُمْ وَاللَّـهُ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَاعًا فَاسْأَلُوهُنَّ مِن وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ ذَلِكُمْ أَطْهَرُ لِقُلُوبِكُمْ وَقُلُوبِهِنَّ وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّـهِ وَلَا أَن تَنكِحُوا أَزْوَاجَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ أَبَدًا إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّـهِ عَظِيمًا
دور المرأة Women's Role
Colossians 3:18
Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as it is fit in the Lord.
18 أيتها النساء، اخضعن لرجالكن كما يليق في الرب
Exodus 21:7
"If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as menservants do.
7 وإذا باع رجل ابنته أمة، لا تخرج كما يخرج العبيد
1 Timothy 5:9,10
9No widow may be put on the list of widows unless she is over sixty, has been faithful to her husband,[a] 10and is well known for her good deeds, such as bringing up children, showing hospitality, washing the feet of the saints, helping those in trouble and devoting herself to all kinds of good deeds.
9 لتكتتب أرملة، إن لم يكن عمرها أقل من ستين سنة، امرأة رجل واحد
10 مشهودا لها في أعمال صالحة، إن تكن قد ربت الأولاد، أضافت الغرباء، غسلت أرجل القديسين، ساعدت المتضايقين، اتبعت كل عمل صالح
Surah 30:21
And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquillity in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought. (21)
وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُم مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا لِّتَسْكُنُوا إِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُم مَّوَدَّةً وَرَحْمَةً إِنَّ فِي ذَلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
نظافة المراة Women's Cleanness
Bible says:
Leviticus 15:19-22, 25-30
19 " 'When a woman has her regular flow of blood, the impurity of her monthly period will last seven days, and anyone who touches her will be unclean till evening.
20 " 'Anything she lies on during her period will be unclean, and anything she sits on will be unclean. 21 Whoever touches her bed must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean till evening. 22 Whoever touches anything she sits on must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean till evening.
19 واذا كانت امرأة لها سيل وكان سيلها دما في لحمها فسبعة ايام تكون في طمثها وكل من مسّها يكون نجسا الى المساء.
20 وكل ما تضطجع عليه في طمثها يكون نجسا وكل ما تجلس عليه يكون نجسا.
21 وكل من مسّ فراشها يغسل ثيابه ويستحم بماء ويكون نجسا الى المساء.
22 وكل من مسّ متاعا تجلس عليه يغسل ثيابه ويستحم بماء ويكون نجسا الى المساء.
25 " 'When a woman has a discharge of blood for many days at a time other than her monthly period or has a discharge that continues beyond her period, she will be unclean as long as she has the discharge, just as in the days of her period. 26 Any bed she lies on while her discharge continues will be unclean, as is her bed during her monthly period, and anything she sits on will be unclean, as during her period. 27 Whoever touches them will be unclean; he must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean till evening.
28 " 'When she is cleansed from her discharge, she must count off seven days, and after that she will be ceremonially clean. 29 On the eighth day she must take two doves or two young pigeons and bring them to the priest at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. 30 The priest is to sacrifice one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. In this way he will make atonement for her before the LORD for the uncleanness of her discharge.
25 واذا كانت امرأة يسيل سيل دمها اياما كثيرة في غير وقت طمثها او اذا سال بعد طمثها فتكون كل ايام سيلان نجاستها كما في ايام طمثها. انها نجسة.
26 كل فراش تضطجع عليه كل ايام سيلها يكون لها كفراش طمثها. وكل الامتعة التي تجلس عليها تكون نجسة كنجاسة طمثها.
27 وكل من مسّهنّ يكون نجسا فيغسل ثيابه ويستحم بماء ويكون نجسا الى المساء.
28 واذا طهرت من سيلها تحسب لنفسها سبعة ايام ثم تطهر.
29 وفي اليوم الثامن تأخذ لنفسها يمامتين او فرخي حمام وتأتي بهما الى الكاهن الى باب خيمة الاجتماع.
30 فيعمل الكاهن الواحد ذبيحة خطية والآخر محرقة ويكفّر عنها الكاهن امام الرب من سيل نجاستها.
Quran says:
Surah 2:222
They ask you about menstruation: say, "It is harmful; you shall avoid sexual intercourse with the women during menstruation; do not approach them until they are rid of it. Once they are rid of it, you may have intercourse with them in the manner designed by GOD. GOD loves the repenters, and He loves those who are clean."
وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْمَحِيضِ قُلْ هُوَ أَذًى فَاعْتَزِلُوا النِّسَاءَ فِي الْمَحِيضِ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّى يَطْهُرْنَ فَإِذَا تَطَهَّرْنَ فَأْتُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَكُمُ اللَّـهُ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَيُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
The Bible describes woman's period as if it is a highly contagious disease which can be passed to other people by touch. In addition, woman's discharge of blood is considered a sin of which a woman has to repent!
In Islam, woman's period or discharge of blood is neither considered a sin or transmittable uncleanness. The husband and the wife can do everything except sexual intercourse, as it is harmful according to the Quran.